1. Desire Is The Actual Essence Of Man, In So Far As It Is Conceived, As Determined To A Particula
2. Pleasure Is The Transition Of A Man From A Less To A Greater Perfection
3. Pain Is The Transition Of A Man From A Greater To A Less Perfection
4. Wonder Is The Conception Of Anything, Wherein The Mind Comes To A Stand, Because The Particular
5. Contempt Is The Conception Of Anything Which Touches The Mind So Little, That Its Presence Lead
6. Love Is Pleasure, Accompanied By The Idea Of An External Cause
7. Hatred Is Pain, Accompanied By The Idea Of An External Cause
8. Inclination Is Pleasure, Accompanied By The Idea Of Something Which Is Accidentally A Cause Of
9. Aversion Is Pain, Accompanied By The Idea Of Something Which Is Accidentally A Cause Of Pain
10. Devotion Is Love Towards One Whom We Admire
11. Derision Is Pleasure Arising From Our Conceiving The Presence Of A Quality, Which We Despise, I
12. Hope Is An Inconstant Pleasure, Arising From The Idea Of Something Past Or Future, Whereof We T
13. Fear Is An Inconstant Pain Arising From The Idea Of Something Past Or Future, Whereof We To A C
14. Confidence Is Pleasure Arising From The Idea Of Something Past Or Future, Wherefrom All Cause O
15. Despair Is Pain Arising From The Idea Of Something Past Or Future, Wherefrom All Cause Of Doubt
16. Joy Is Pleasure Accompanied By The Idea Of Something Past, Which Has Had An Issue Beyond Our Ho
17. Disappointment Is Pain Accompanied By The Idea Of Something Past, Which Has Had An Issue Contra
18. Pity Is Pain Accompanied By The Idea Of Evil, Which Has Befallen Someone Else Whom We Conceive
19. Approval Is Love Towards One Who Hs Done Good To Another
20. Indignation Is Hatred Towards One Who Has Done Evil To Another
21. Partiality Is Thinking Too Highly Of Anyone Because Of The Love We Bear Him
22. Disaragement Is Thinking Too Meanly Of Anyone Because We Hate Him
23. Envy Is Hatred, In So Far As It Induces A Man To Be Pained By Another's Good Fortune, And To Re
24. Sympathy Is Love, In So Far As It Induces A Man To Feel Pleasure At Another's Good Fortune, And
25. Self-Approval Is Pleasure Arising From A Man's Contemplation Of Himself And His Own Power Of Ac
26. Humility Is Pain Arising From A Man's Contemplation Of His Own Weakness Of Body Or Mind
27. Repetance Is Pain Accompanied By The Idea Of Some Action, Which We Believe We Have Performed By
28. Pride Is Thinking Too Meanly Of One's Self From Self-Love
29. Self-Abasement Is Thinking Too Meanly Of One's Self By Reason Of Pain
30. Honour Is Pleasure Accompanied By The Idea Of Some Action Of Our Own, Which We Believe To Be Pr
31. Shame Is Pain Accompanied By The Idea Of Some Action Of Our Own, Which We Believe To Be Blamed
32. Regret Is The Desire Or Appetite To Possess Something, Kept Alive By The Remembrance Of The Sai
33. Emulation Is The Desire Of Something, Engendered In Us By Our Conception That Others Have The S
34. Gratitude Is The Desire Or Zeal Springing From Love, Whereby We Endeavour To Benefit Him, Who W
35. Benevolence Is The Desire Of Benefiting One Whom We Pity
36. Anger Is The Desire, Whereby Through Hatred We Are Induced To Injure One Whom We Hate
37. Revenge Is The Desire Whereby We Are Induced, Through Mutual Hatred, To Injure One Who, With Si
38. Cruelty Or Savageness Is The Desire, Whereby A Man Is Impelled To Injure One Whom We Love Or Pi
39. Timidity Is The Desire To Avoid A Greater Devil, Which We Dread, By Undergoing A Lesser Evil
40. Daring Is The Deisre, Whereby A Man Is Set On To Do Something Dangerous Whis His Equals Fear To
41. Cowardice Is Attributed To One, Whose Desire Is Checked By The Fear Of Some Danger Whis His Equ
42. Consternation Is Attributed To One, Whose Desire Of Avoiding Evil Is Checked By Amazement At Th
43. Courtesy Or Deference Is The Desire Of Acting In A Way That Should Please Men, And Refraining F
44. Ambition Is The Immoderate Desire Of Power
45. Luxury Is Excessive Desire, Or Even Love Of Living Sumptuously
46. Intemperance Is The Exessive Desire Of Love Drinking
47. Avarice Is The Exessive Desire And Love Of Riches
48. Lust Is Desire And Love In The Matter If Sexual Intercourse
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50. Silent Track
51. Though I Am, At Present, Much Occupied With Other Matters, Not To Mention My Delicate Health, Y
52. I Say That A Thing Is Free, Which Exists And Acts Solely By The Necessity Of Its Own Nature
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54. Thus Also God Understands Himself And All Things Freely, Because It Follows Solely From The Nec
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58. You See I Do Not Place Freedom In Free Decision, But In Free Necessity
59. However, Let Us Descend To Created Things, Which Are All Determined By External Causes To Exist
60. In Order That This May Be Clearly Understood, Let Us Conceive A Very Simple Thing
61. For Instance, A Stone Receives From The Impulsion Of An External Cause, A Certain Quantity Of M
62. By Virtue Of Which It Continues To Move After The Impulsion Given By The External Cause Has Cea
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64. The Permanence Of The Stone's Motion Is Constrained, Not Necessary, Because It Must Be Defined
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66. What Is True Of The Stone Is True Of Any Individual, However Complicated Its Nature, Or Varied
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68. Inasmuch As Very Individual Thing Is Necessarily Determined By Some External Cause To Exist And
69. Further Conceive, I Beg, That A Stone, While Continuing In Motion, Should Be Capable Of Thinkin
70. Such A Stone, Being Conscious Merely Of Its Own Endeavour And Not At All Indifferent, Would Bel
71. And Would Think That It Continued In Motion Solely Because Of Its Own Wish. This Is That Human
72. And Which Consists Solely In The Fact, That Men Are Conscious Of Their Own Desire, But Are Igno
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74. Thus An Infant Believes That It Desires Milk Freely
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77. An Angry Child Thinks He Wishes Freely For Vengeance
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79. A Timid Child Thinks He Wishes Freely To Run Away. Again, A Drunken Man Thinks, That From The F
80. Which Afterwards, When Sober, He Would Like To Have Left Unsaid.
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83. So The Delirious, The Garrulous, And Others Of The Same Sort Think That They Act From The Free
84. Not That They Are Carried Away By Impulse.
85. As This Misconception Is Innate In All Men, It Is Not Easily Conquered.
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90. For, Although Experience Abundantly Shows, That Men Can Do Anything Rather Than Check Their Des
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92. And That Very Often, When A Prey To Conflicting Emotions, They See The Better Course And Follow
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94. They Yet Believe Themselves To Be Free; Because In Some Cases Their Desire For A Thing Is Sligh
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96. And Can Easily Be Overruled By The Recollection Of Something Else, Which Is Frequently Present
97. I Have Thus, If I Mistake Not, Sufficiently Explained My Opinion Regarding Free And Constrained
98. From What I Have Said You Will Easily Be Able To Reply To Your Friend's Objections.