Toen Gustav Mahler in 1909 zijn liederencyclus Das Liede von der Erde componeerde was hij zeker dat hij niet lang te leven had. Om de vloek van de negende (symfonie) te pareren omschrijft Mahler dit werk als Eine Symphonie für eine Tenor und eine Alt (oder Bariton) Stimme und Orchester. Bruno Walther wilde dit werk alleen met een alt uitvoeren. Door de inspanningen van Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau wordt vaker een bariton geprogrammeerd. Toen Jonas Kaufman als twintigjarige student een opname hoorde van Fritz Wunderlich en Christa Ludwig onder Otto Klemperer, besluit hij de veeleisende tenor liederen zich snel eigen te maken. Kaufmann heeft bariton specialiteiten waardoor hij het idee om alle liederen zelf uit te voeren niet kon weerstaan. Geoefende oren zijn niet lovend over deze baritonvertolkingen. Maar is dat wel juist? Oordeel na herhaald beluisteren zelf deze live opname, waarbij de tekstuele benadering van Kaufmann onovertroffen zijn.
Mahler: Das Lied von der Erde
Jonas Kaufmann (tenor)
Wiener Philharmoniker, Jonathan Nott
Mahler’s masterpiece is subtitled as - A Symphony for Tenor and Alto (or Baritone) – and therefore traditionally two voices have sung the six movements of the work. However Jonas Kaufmann feels differently about this and wanted to sing both parts himself. In June this year he joined the Wiener Philharmoniker and conductor Jonathan Nott in a special concert in the Goldener Saal at the Musikverein in Vienna whereby he sang the entire work himself.
Review op Presto News:
The star tenors on Sony’s books certainly like their controversial excursions into baritone territory: first it was Plácido Domingo (who recorded a disc of Verdi baritone arias for the composer's bicentenary in 2013), and now Jonas Kaufmann's decided to tackle Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde (scored for contralto/baritone and tenor soloists) single-handed. When I first received the sales-notes for this release I assumed they’d left off one of the singers, but he really is performing all six songs (and in the original keys). Is it perfect? No. Is it worth hearing? A resounding ‘Yes’ from me.
This is the first Mahler the German tenor’s committed to disc, though he’s been performing the major song-cycles in recital for some years now. It’s a bold move - but if anyone’s got the goods to take on the entire work it’s Kaufmann, with his solid two-and-a-half octave range and dusky, resonant middle and lower registers.
Now, not everything here is going to please everyone. If, like me, you fell in love with Das Lied through Klemperer’s legendary recording with Fritz Wunderlich in the tenor role, you might bridle initially at the opening song in which Kaufmann sounds pushed to his limits by the high tessitura - but this is a singer who often thrills most when he’s right on the edge, and to me the tangible sense of struggle here’s entirely in keeping with the febrile intensity of the text.
Perhaps surprisingly, it’s actually the songs usually assigned to the contralto/baritone that come off best. Kaufmann may be breaking new ground in taking on both ‘roles’, but he’s not the first dark-hued ‘high’ voice to essay songs 2, 4 and 6: Jessye Norman, essentially a dramatic soprano despite occasional excursions into lower-lying territory, recorded the contralto songs for both James Levine and Colin Davis. And thinking back through my own little library of recordings, it occurred to me that a lot of the female singers I love in these songs are dramatic mezzos whose voices actually sit very similarly to Kaufmann’s (though obviously an octave up!) - Christa Ludwig, for instance, who frequently sang roles like Ortrud, Lady Macbeth, and Leonore in Fidelio which require solid top Bs and even Cs as well as a sturdy middle register, much like the bulk of Kaufmann’s operatic repertoire. There’s also a particular quirk of his vocal anatomy which plays out quite beautifully in these ‘low’ songs: a distinct ‘tipping point’ in the voice around the high E and F, which is more usually found in baritones and mezzos, and which these songs (Der Abschied in particular) exploit for emotional effect.
Once I’d got my initial inevitable ‘Can he?’s and ‘Should he?’s out of the way, though, vocal technicalities weren’t really at the forefront of my mind: my overwhelming impression is of how well the orchestration and the texts suit Kaufmann, who to my mind is always at his considerable best when pouring out angry frustration at full throttle, or ruminating on dark nights of the soul (he conveys the manic intoxication of that opening song with the same nihilistic recklessness which makes the Tannhäuser excerpt on his Wagner recital for Decca so devastating, and the sublime closing pages of Der Abschied put me in mind of the still small voice of resignation which he brings to the final songs of Winterreise). The orchestral colours of the cycle (which somehow always strike me as prevailingly autumnal, even in the evocations of spring) also work beautifully against his distinctive dark grainy sound, with the prominent cor anglais part providing an especially apposite foil (the woodwind section of the Wiener Philharmoniker under Jonathan Nott are wonderfully idiomatic throughout). After the Verdi, Puccini, and German and Italian ‘pops’ discs, it’s marvellous to have Kaufmann back on home territory, digging into texts in his native language and exuding Weltschmerz and Sehnsucht once more.
